What causes dark circles under the eyes?

Dark circles under the eyes are a common concern and can be caused by a variety of factors. Here’s a breakdown of causes and treatment options:

🧠 Causes of Dark Circles

1. Genetics

   • Often hereditary and more common in certain ethnic groups (e.g., people with darker skin tones due to higher melanin).

2. Thin Skin & Aging

   • Skin under the eyes becomes thinner with age, making blood vessels more visible.

3. Lack of Sleep or Fatigue

   • Poor sleep can cause the skin to appear dull and pale, making dark tissues more visible.

4. Allergies

   • Allergic reactions can trigger histamines that cause swelling and broken blood vessels.

5. Dehydration

   • Lack of hydration can make the skin look dull and sunken.

6. Eye Strain

   • Long screen time can enlarge blood vessels under the eyes.

7. Pigmentation Irregularities

   • Especially in people with darker skin tones.

8. Lifestyle Factors

   • Smoking, excessive alcohol, poor diet, and sun exposure.

💊 Treatment Options

At-Home Remedies

• Cold Compress: Reduces swelling and shrinks dilated blood vessels.

• Sleep: 7–9 hours per night.

• Elevate Head During Sleep: Prevents fluid from pooling under the eyes.

• Hydration & Healthy Diet: Especially foods rich in vitamin C, E, K, and iron.

• Caffeine-Based Eye Creams: Temporarily constrict blood vessels.

• Sunscreen: Daily use to prevent pigmentation worsening.

Topical Treatments

• Retinol: Stimulates collagen production (use at night).

• Vitamin C Serums: Brightens skin and reduces pigmentation.

• Niacinamide: Lightens hyperpigmentation.

• Hyaluronic Acid: Moisturizes and plumps the under-eye area.

Medical or Cosmetic Treatments

• Chemical Peels: Lighten dark pigmentation.

• Laser Therapy: Targets pigment and improves skin tone.

• Fillers (e.g., hyaluronic acid): Help with volume loss under eyes.

• Microneedling: Stimulates collagen.

• PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma): Improves skin texture and tone.